聖經365恩典之旅

本日經文提要 (撒母耳記上 20:1~22:23)

.大衛質問約拿單，他到底做了甚麼事，為何掃羅要尋索他的性命呢，約拿單如何回應?
.大衛逃到挪伯祭司亞希米勒那裡，亞希米勒給了他甚麼?掃羅知道後，發生了甚麼事情?



撒上20:1大衛從拉瑪的拿約逃跑，來到約拿單那裡，對他說：我作了甚麼，有甚麼罪孽呢，在你父親面前犯了甚麼罪，他竟尋索我的性命呢。
撒上20:2約拿單回答說：斷然不是，你必不至死，我父作事，無論大小，沒有不叫我知道的，怎麼獨有這事隱瞞我呢，決不如此。
撒上20:3大衛又起誓，說：你父親準知我在你眼前蒙恩，他心裡說：不如不叫約拿單知道，恐怕他愁煩，我指著永生的耶和華，又敢在你面前起誓，我離死不過一步。
撒上20:4約拿單對大衛說：你心裡所求的，我必為你成就。
撒上20:5大衛對約拿單說：明日是初一，我當與王同席，求你容我去藏在田野，直到第三日晚上。
撒上20:6你父親若見我不在席上，你就說：大衛切求我許他回本城伯利恆去，因為他全家在那裡獻年祭。
撒上20:7你父親若說好，僕人就平安了，他若發怒，你就知道他決意要害我。
撒上20:8求你施恩與僕人，因你在耶和華面前曾與僕人結盟，我若有罪，不如你自己殺我，何必將我交給你父親呢。
撒上20:9約拿單說：斷無此事，我若知道我父親決意害你，我豈不告訴你呢。
撒上20:10大衛對約拿單說：你父親若用厲言回答你，誰來告訴我呢。
撒上20:11約拿單對大衛說：你我且往田野去，二人就往田野去了。
撒上20:12約拿單對大衛說：願耶和華以色列的神為證。明日約在這時候，或第三日，我探我父親的意思，若向你有好意，我豈不打發人告訴你麼。
撒上20:13我父親若有意害你，我不告訴你，使你平平安安的走，願耶和華重重的降罰與我，願耶和華與你同在，如同從前與我父親同在一樣。
撒上20:14你要照耶和華的慈愛恩待我，不但我活著的時候，免我死亡。
撒上20:15就是我死後，耶和華從地上剪除你仇敵的時候，你也永不可向我家絕了恩惠。
撒上20:16於是約拿單與大衛家結盟，說：願耶和華藉大衛的仇敵追討背約的罪。
撒上20:17約拿單因愛大衛如同愛自己的性命，就使他再起誓。
撒上20:18約拿單對他說：明日是初一，你的座位空設，人必理會你不在那裡。
撒上20:19你等三日，就要速速下去，到你從前遇事所藏的地方，在以色磐石那裡等候。
撒上20:20我要向磐石旁邊射三箭，如同射箭靶一樣。
撒上20:21我要打發童子，說：去把箭找來。我若對童子說：箭在後頭，把箭拿來，你就可以回來，我指著永生的耶和華起誓，你必平安無事。
撒上20:22我若對童子說：箭在前頭，你就要去，因為是耶和華打發你去的。
撒上20:23至於你我今日所說的話，有耶和華在你我中間為證，直到永遠。
撒上20:24大衛就去藏在田野。到了初一日，王坐席要吃飯。
撒上20:25王照常坐在靠牆的位上，約拿單侍立，押尼珥坐在掃羅旁邊，大衛的座位空設。
撒上20:26然而這日掃羅沒有說甚麼，他想大衛遇事，偶染不潔，他必定是不潔。
撒上20:27初二日大衛的座位還空設，掃羅問他兒子約拿單說：耶西的兒子為何昨日今日，沒有來吃飯呢。
撒上20:28約拿單回答掃羅說：大衛切求我容他往伯利恆去。
撒上20:29他說：求你容我去，因為我家在城裡有獻祭的事，我長兄吩咐我去。如今我若在你眼前蒙恩，求你容我去見我的弟兄，所以大衛沒有赴王的席。
撒上20:30掃羅向約拿單發怒，對他說：你這頑梗背逆之婦人所生的，我豈不知道你喜悅耶西的兒子，自取羞辱，以至你母親露體蒙羞麼。
撒上20:31耶西的兒子若在世間活著，你和你的國位必站立不住。現在你要打發人去，將他捉拿交給我，他是該死的。
撒上20:32約拿單對父親掃羅說：他為甚麼該死呢，他作了甚麼呢。
撒上20:33掃羅向約拿單掄槍要刺他，約拿單就知道他父親決意要殺大衛。
撒上20:34於是約拿單氣忿忿的從席上起來，在這初二日沒有吃飯，他因見父親羞辱大衛，就為大衛愁煩。
撒上20:35次日早晨，約拿單按著與大衛約會的時候，出到田野，有一個童子跟隨。
撒上20:36約拿單對童子說：你跑去，把我所射的箭找來。童子跑去，約拿單就把箭射在童子前頭。
撒上20:37童子到了約拿單落箭之地，約拿單呼叫童子說：箭不是在你前頭麼。
撒上20:38約拿單又呼叫童子說：速速的去，不要遲延。童子就拾起箭來，回到主人那裡。
撒上20:39童子卻不知道這是甚麼意思，只有約拿單和大衛知道。
撒上20:40約拿單將弓箭交給童子，吩咐說：你拿到城裡去。
撒上20:41童子一去，大衛就從磐石的南邊出來，俯伏在的，拜了三拜，二人親嘴，彼此哭泣，大衛哭的更慟。
撒上20:42約拿單對大衛說：我們二人曾指著耶和華的名起誓，說：願耶和華在你我中間，並你我後裔中間為證，直到永遠，如今你平平安安的去罷。大衛就起身走了，約拿單也回城裡去了。

撒上21:1大衛到了挪伯祭司亞希米勒那裡，亞希米勒戰戰兢兢的出來迎接他，問他說：你為甚麼獨自來，沒有人跟隨呢。
撒上21:2大衛回答祭司亞希米勒說：王吩咐我一件事，說：我差遣你委託你的這件事，不要使人知道，故此我已派定少年人在某處等候我。
撒上21:3現在你手下有甚麼，求你給我五個餅，或是別樣的食物。
撒上21:4祭司對大衛說：我手下沒有尋常的餅，只有聖餅，若少年人沒有親近婦人，才可以給。
撒上21:5大衛對祭司說：實在約有三日我們沒有親近婦人，我出來的時候，雖是尋常行路，少年人的器皿還是潔淨的，何況今日不更是潔淨麼。
撒上21:6祭司就拿聖餅給他，因為在那裡沒有別樣餅，只有更換新餅，從耶和華面前撤下來的陳設餅。
撒上21:7當日有掃羅的一個臣子留在耶和華面前，他名叫多益，是以東人，作掃羅的司牧長。﹗
撒上21:8大衛問亞希米勒說：你手下有槍有刀沒有，因為王的事甚急，連刀劍器械我都沒有帶。
撒上21:9祭司說：你在以拉谷殺非利士人歌利亞的那刀在這裡，裹在布中，放在以弗得後邊，你要就可以拿去，除此以外，再沒有別的。大衛說：這刀沒有可比的，求你給我。
撒上21:10那日大衛起來，躲避掃羅，逃到迦特王亞吉那裡。
撒上21:11亞吉的臣僕，對亞吉說：這不是以色列國王大衛麼，那裡的婦女跳舞唱和，不是指著他說：掃羅殺死千千，大衛殺死萬萬麼。
撒上21:12大衛將這話放在心裡，甚懼怕迦特王亞吉。
撒上21:13就在眾人面前改變了尋常的舉動，在他們手下假裝瘋癲，在城門的門扇上胡寫亂畫，使唾沫流在鬍子上。
撒上21:14亞吉對臣僕說：你們看，這人是瘋子，為甚麼帶他到我這裡來呢。
撒上21:15我豈缺少瘋子，你們帶這人來在我面前瘋癲麼，這人豈可進我的家呢。

撒上22:1大衛就離開那裡，逃到亞杜蘭洞。他的弟兄和他父親的全家聽見了，就都下到他那裡。
撒上22:2凡受窘迫的，欠債的，心裡苦惱的，都聚集到大衛那裡，大衛就作他們的頭目，跟隨他的約有四百人。
撒上22:3大衛從那裡往摩押的米斯巴去，對摩押王說：求你容我父母搬來，住在你們這裡，等我知道神要為我怎樣行。
撒上22:4大衛領他父母到摩押王面前，大衛住山寨多少日子，他父母也住摩押王那裡多少日子。
撒上22:5先知迦得對大衛說：你不要住在山寨，要往猶大的去。大衛就離開那裡，進入哈列的樹林。
撒上22:6掃羅在基比亞的拉瑪，坐在垂絲柳樹下，手裡拿著槍，眾臣僕侍立在左右。掃羅聽見大衛和跟隨他的人在何處，
撒上22:7就對左右侍立的臣僕說：便雅憫人哪，你們要聽我的話，耶西的兒子能將田地和葡萄園賜給你們各人麼，能立你們各人作千夫長百夫長麼。
撒上22:8你們竟都結黨害我，我的兒子與耶西的兒子結盟的時候，無人告訴我，我的兒子挑唆我的臣子謀害我，就如今日的光景，也無人告訴我，為我憂慮。
撒上22:9那時以東人多益站在掃羅的臣僕中，對他說：我曾看見耶西的兒子到了挪伯亞希突的兒子亞希米勒那裡。
撒上22:10亞希米勒為他求問耶和華，又給他食物，並給他殺非利士人歌利亞的刀。
撒上22:11王就打發人將祭司亞希突的兒子亞希米勒，和他父親的全家，就是住挪伯的祭司，都召了來，他們就來見王。
撒上22:12掃羅說：亞希突的兒子，要聽我的話。他回答說：主阿，我在這裡。
撒上22:13掃羅對他說：你為甚麼與耶西的兒子結黨害我，將食物和刀給他，又為他求問神，使他起來謀害我，就如今日的光景。
撒上22:14亞希米勒回答王說：王的臣僕中，有誰比大衛忠心呢，他是王的女婿，又是王的參謀，並且在王家中是尊貴的。
撒上22:15我豈是從今日才為他求問神呢，斷不是這樣，王不要將罪歸我，和我父的全家，因為這事，無論大小，僕人都不知道。
撒上22:16王說：亞希米勒阿，你和你父的全家，都是該死的。
撒上22:17王就吩咐左右的侍衛說：你們去殺耶和華的祭司，因為他們幫助大衛，又知道大衛逃跑，竟沒有告訴我。掃羅的臣子卻不肯伸手殺耶和華的祭司。
撒上22:18王吩咐多益說：你去殺祭司罷。以東人多益就去殺祭司，那日殺了穿細麻布以弗得的八十五人。
撒上22:19又用刀將祭司城挪伯中的男女，孩童，吃奶的，和牛，羊，驢，盡都殺滅。
撒上22:20亞希突的兒子亞希米勒有一個兒子，名叫亞比亞他，逃到大衛那裡。
撒上22:21亞比亞他將掃羅殺耶和華祭司的事告訴大衛。
撒上22:22大衛對亞比亞他說：那日我見以東人多益在那裡，就知道他必告訴掃羅，你父的全家喪命，都是因我的緣故。
撒上22:23你可以住在我這裡，不要懼怕。因為尋索你命的，就是尋索我的命，你在我這裡，可得保全。

 

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Mar 26,2016-The Journey of Grace (86/365) 1 Samuel 20:1~22:23

 

 

1 Samuel 20 

David and Jonathan

20 Then David fled from Naioth at Ramah and went to Jonathan and asked, “What have I done? What is my crime? How have I wronged your father, that he is trying to kill me?”

2 “Never!” Jonathan replied. “You are not going to die! Look, my father doesn’t do anything, great or small, without letting me know. Why would he hide this from me? It isn’t so!”

3 But David took an oath and said, “Your father knows very well that I have found favor in your eyes, and he has said to himself, ‘Jonathan must not know this or he will be grieved.’ Yet as surely as the Lord lives and as you live, there is only a step between me and death.”

4 Jonathan said to David, “Whatever you want me to do, I’ll do for you.”

5 So David said, “Look, tomorrow is the New Moon feast, and I am supposed to dine with the king; but let me go and hide in the field until the evening of the day after tomorrow. 6 If your father misses me at all, tell him, ‘David earnestly asked my permission to hurry to Bethlehem, his hometown, because an annual sacrifice is being made there for his whole clan.’ 7 If he says, ‘Very well,’ then your servant is safe. But if he loses his temper, you can be sure that he is determined to harm me. 8 As for you, show kindness to your servant, for you have brought him into a covenant with you before the Lord. If I am guilty, then kill me yourself! Why hand me over to your father?”

9 “Never!” Jonathan said. “If I had the least inkling that my father was determined to harm you, wouldn’t I tell you?”

10 David asked, “Who will tell me if your father answers you harshly?”

11 “Come,” Jonathan said, “let’s go out into the field.” So they went there together.

12 Then Jonathan said to David, “I swear by the Lord, the God of Israel, that I will surely sound out my father by this time the day after tomorrow! If he is favorably disposed toward you, will I not send you word and let you know? 13 But if my father intends to harm you, may the Lord deal with Jonathan, be it ever so severely, if I do not let you know and send you away in peace. May the Lord be with you as he has been with my father. 14 But show me unfailing kindness like the Lord’s kindness as long as I live, so that I may not be killed, 15 and do not ever cut off your kindness from my family—not even when the Lord has cut off every one of David’s enemies from the face of the earth.”

16 So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, “May the Lord call David’s enemies to account.” 17 And Jonathan had David reaffirm his oath out of love for him, because he loved him as he loved himself.

18 Then Jonathan said to David, “Tomorrow is the New Moon feast. You will be missed, because your seat will be empty. 19 The day after tomorrow, toward evening, go to the place where you hid when this trouble began, and wait by the stone Ezel. 20 I will shoot three arrows to the side of it, as though I were shooting at a target. 21 Then I will send a boy and say, ‘Go, find the arrows.’ If I say to him, ‘Look, the arrows are on this side of you; bring them here,’ then come, because, as surely as the Lord lives, you are safe; there is no danger. 22 But if I say to the boy, ‘Look, the arrows are beyond you,’ then you must go, because the Lord has sent you away. 23 And about the matter you and I discussed—remember, the Lord is witness between you and me forever.”

24 So David hid in the field, and when the New Moon feast came, the king sat down to eat. 25 He sat in his customary place by the wall, opposite Jonathan,[a] and Abner sat next to Saul, but David’s place was empty. 26 Saul said nothing that day, for he thought, “Something must have happened to David to make him ceremonially unclean—surely he is unclean.” 27 But the next day, the second day of the month, David’s place was empty again. Then Saul said to his son Jonathan, “Why hasn’t the son of Jesse come to the meal, either yesterday or today?”

28 Jonathan answered, “David earnestly asked me for permission to go to Bethlehem. 29 He said, ‘Let me go, because our family is observing a sacrifice in the town and my brother has ordered me to be there. If I have found favor in your eyes, let me get away to see my brothers.’ That is why he has not come to the king’s table.”

30 Saul’s anger flared up at Jonathan and he said to him, “You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Don’t I know that you have sided with the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of the mother who bore you? 31 As long as the son of Jesse lives on this earth, neither you nor your kingdom will be established. Now send someone to bring him to me, for he must die!”

32 “Why should he be put to death? What has he done?” Jonathan asked his father. 33 But Saul hurled his spear at him to kill him. Then Jonathan knew that his father intended to kill David.

34 Jonathan got up from the table in fierce anger; on that second day of the feast he did not eat, because he was grieved at his father’s shameful treatment of David.

35 In the morning Jonathan went out to the field for his meeting with David. He had a small boy with him, 36 and he said to the boy, “Run and find the arrows I shoot.” As the boy ran, he shot an arrow beyond him. 37 When the boy came to the place where Jonathan’s arrow had fallen, Jonathan called out after him, “Isn’t the arrow beyond you?” 38 Then he shouted, “Hurry! Go quickly! Don’t stop!” The boy picked up the arrow and returned to his master. 39 (The boy knew nothing about all this; only Jonathan and David knew.) 40 Then Jonathan gave his weapons to the boy and said, “Go, carry them back to town.”

41 After the boy had gone, David got up from the south side of the stone and bowed down before Jonathan three times, with his face to the ground. Then they kissed each other and wept together—but David wept the most.

42 Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace, for we have sworn friendship with each other in the name of the Lord, saying, ‘The Lord is witness between you and me, and between your descendants and my descendants forever.’” Then David left, and Jonathan went back to the town.[b]

 

1 Samuel 21 

David at Nob

21 [a]David went to Nob, to Ahimelek the priest. Ahimelek trembled when he met him, and asked, “Why are you alone? Why is no one with you?”

2 David answered Ahimelek the priest, “The king sent me on a mission and said to me, ‘No one is to know anything about the mission I am sending you on.’ As for my men, I have told them to meet me at a certain place. 3 Now then, what do you have on hand? Give me five loaves of bread, or whatever you can find.”

4 But the priest answered David, “I don’t have any ordinary bread on hand; however, there is some consecrated bread here—provided the men have kept themselves from women.”

5 David replied, “Indeed women have been kept from us, as usual whenever[b] I set out. The men’s bodies are holy even on missions that are not holy. How much more so today!” 6 So the priest gave him the consecrated bread, since there was no bread there except the bread of the Presence that had been removed from before the Lord and replaced by hot bread on the day it was taken away.

7 Now one of Saul’s servants was there that day, detained before the Lord; he was Doeg the Edomite, Saul’s chief shepherd.

8 David asked Ahimelek, “Don’t you have a spear or a sword here? I haven’t brought my sword or any other weapon, because the king’s mission was urgent.”

9 The priest replied, “The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you killed in the Valley of Elah, is here; it is wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod. If you want it, take it; there is no sword here but that one.”

David said, “There is none like it; give it to me.”

David at Gath
10 That day David fled from Saul and went to Achish king of Gath. 11 But the servants of Achish said to him, “Isn’t this David, the king of the land? Isn’t he the one they sing about in their dances:

“‘Saul has slain his thousands,
    and David his tens of thousands’?”
12 David took these words to heart and was very much afraid of Achish king of Gath. 13 So he pretended to be insane in their presence; and while he was in their hands he acted like a madman, making marks on the doors of the gate and letting saliva run down his beard.

14 Achish said to his servants, “Look at the man! He is insane! Why bring him to me? 15 Am I so short of madmen that you have to bring this fellow here to carry on like this in front of me? Must this man come into my house?”

 

1 Samuel 22

David at Adullam and Mizpah

22 David left Gath and escaped to the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and his father’s household heard about it, they went down to him there. 2 All those who were in distress or in debt or discontented gathered around him, and he became their commander. About four hundred men were with him.

3 From there David went to Mizpah in Moab and said to the king of Moab, “Would you let my father and mother come and stay with you until I learn what God will do for me?” 4 So he left them with the king of Moab, and they stayed with him as long as David was in the stronghold.

5 But the prophet Gad said to David, “Do not stay in the stronghold. Go into the land of Judah.” So David left and went to the forest of Hereth.

Saul Kills the Priests of Nob
6 Now Saul heard that David and his men had been discovered. And Saul was seated, spear in hand, under the tamarisk tree on the hill at Gibeah, with all his officials standing at his side. 7 He said to them, “Listen, men of Benjamin! Will the son of Jesse give all of you fields and vineyards? Will he make all of you commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds? 8 Is that why you have all conspired against me? No one tells me when my son makes a covenant with the son of Jesse. None of you is concerned about me or tells me that my son has incited my servant to lie in wait for me, as he does today.”

9 But Doeg the Edomite, who was standing with Saul’s officials, said, “I saw the son of Jesse come to Ahimelek son of Ahitub at Nob. 10 Ahimelek inquired of the Lord for him; he also gave him provisions and the sword of Goliath the Philistine.”

11 Then the king sent for the priest Ahimelek son of Ahitub and all the men of his family, who were the priests at Nob, and they all came to the king. 12 Saul said, “Listen now, son of Ahitub.”

“Yes, my lord,” he answered.

13 Saul said to him, “Why have you conspired against me, you and the son of Jesse, giving him bread and a sword and inquiring of God for him, so that he has rebelled against me and lies in wait for me, as he does today?”

14 Ahimelek answered the king, “Who of all your servants is as loyal as David, the king’s son-in-law, captain of your bodyguard and highly respected in your household? 15 Was that day the first time I inquired of God for him? Of course not! Let not the king accuse your servant or any of his father’s family, for your servant knows nothing at all about this whole affair.”

16 But the king said, “You will surely die, Ahimelek, you and your whole family.”

17 Then the king ordered the guards at his side: “Turn and kill the priests of the Lord, because they too have sided with David. They knew he was fleeing, yet they did not tell me.”

But the king’s officials were unwilling to raise a hand to strike the priests of the Lord.

18 The king then ordered Doeg, “You turn and strike down the priests.” So Doeg the Edomite turned and struck them down. That day he killed eighty-five men who wore the linen ephod. 19 He also put to the sword Nob, the town of the priests, with its men and women, its children and infants, and its cattle, donkeys and sheep.

20 But one son of Ahimelek son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped and fled to join David. 21 He told David that Saul had killed the priests of the Lord. 22 Then David said to Abiathar, “That day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, I knew he would be sure to tell Saul. I am responsible for the death of your whole family. 23 Stay with me; don’t be afraid. The man who wants to kill you is trying to kill me too. You will be safe with me.”